Convection heat rate

Calculates convection heat flux from h and temperature difference.

Calculates heat transfer coefficient from heat rate, area, and temperature difference.

Calculates convection thermal resistance from h and area.

Calculates the Biot number from h, characteristic length, and thermal conductivity.

Calculates conduction heat rate through a flat layer.

Estimates time to reach a target temperature with a simplified lumped-capacitance model.