Thermal
Required insulation resistance
Calculates required thermal resistance from allowable heat loss, area, and temperature difference.
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Insulation heat loss through a flat wall
Calculates indicative heat loss through a flat barrier from area, temperature difference, and thermal resistance.
Required insulation thickness
Calculates required insulation thickness from thermal resistance, conductivity, and area.
Thermal resistances of layers in series
Sums thermal resistances of multiple layers connected in series.
Heat-loss energy through partition
Calculates heat-loss energy through a partition from U-value, area, temperature difference, and time.
Wall heat loss from U-value
Estimates heat loss through a wall from U-value, area, and temperature difference.
Pipe insulation heat loss
Calculates heat loss through a cylindrical pipe insulation layer using a simplified radial-conduction model.