Automotive
Speed from multiple braking segments
Estimates initial speed from v0^2 = vf^2 + 2 * sum(a_i d_i) for segments with different friction and grades.
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Speed from skid marks
Estimates initial speed from skid-mark length, friction, final speed, and road grade.
Braking distance from speed and grade
Solves braking distance for locked wheels from initial speed, final speed, friction, and road grade.
Front/rear braking force distribution
Splits total braking force between front and rear axles by a specified front share.
Brake friction force from normal force and friction coefficient
Calculates friction force from normal force and friction coefficient.
Brake friction torque from friction force and effective radius
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Braking deceleration from force and mass
Calculates theoretical braking deceleration from total braking force and vehicle mass.