Fillet weld volume and mass

Calculates welding time from required filler mass and user-supplied deposition rate.

Calculates shielding gas volume from gas flow rate and welding time.

Divides required filler area by deposited area per pass and returns both continuous and rounded-up pass count.

Calculates P = U I and net linear heat input H = η U I / v with inverse modes for H, U, I, v, and η.

Calculates aluminum mass from volume and user-provided density; it does not use an alloy database.

Calculates concrete density from user-provided mass and volume.